高压开关成套制造业是输变电设备制造业的重要组成部分,在整个电力工业中占有非常重要的地位。一般而言主要分固定式和手车式两种,从结构上又可以分为开启式、半封闭式、封闭式;就使用环境而言又有户内、户外之分;就操作方式而言有电磁操作机构、弹簧操作机构和手动操作机构。
The complete set manufacturing of high-voltage switches is an important component of the transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing industry, occupying a very important position in the entire power industry. Generally speaking, there are mainly two types: fixed type and handcart type, which can be divided into open type, semi closed type, and closed type structurally; In terms of usage environment, it can be divided into indoor and outdoor; In terms of operating methods, there are electromagnetic operating mechanisms, spring operating mechanisms, and manual operating mechanisms.
选用,要根据使用环境决定选用户内型还是户外型,根据开关柜数量的多少和对可靠性要求,确定使用固定式还是手车式开关柜。固定式开关柜价格便宜些,但灵活性不如手车式。对可靠性要求不过高,开关柜台数又较少的变电所,尽量选用固定式开关柜以降低投资。要结合高接线设计确定开关柜的一次方案,开关柜的一次方案可查阅相关电气手册。结合控制、计量、保护、信号等方面的要求,选择或自行设计二次接线。选定开关柜之后柜中主要部件要按使用条件(海拔高度、环境温度、相对温度、日照、风速、日温差等等)及短路情况进行校验。选定操作机构时,要结合变电所操作电源情况而定。
The selection should be based on the user's indoor or outdoor environment, and the use of fixed or handcart switchgear should be determined based on the number of switchgear and reliability requirements. Fixed switchgear is cheaper in price, but its flexibility is not as good as handcart style. For substations with low reliability requirements and a small number of switch cabinets, fixed switch cabinets should be selected as much as possible to reduce investment. The primary scheme of the switchgear should be determined based on the high wiring design. The primary scheme of the switchgear can be found in relevant electrical manuals. Choose or design secondary wiring based on the requirements of control, measurement, protection, signal, etc. After selecting the switchgear, the main components in the cabinet should be verified according to the usage conditions (altitude, environmental temperature, relative temperature, sunlight, wind speed, daily temperature difference, etc.) and short-circuit conditions. When selecting the operating mechanism, it should be determined based on the operating power supply of the substation.
一般成套的高压开柜有进线柜、PT柜、馈线柜、计量柜,联络柜、所用变柜等,高压进线柜是一段母线的总柜,又称受电柜,是这段母线接受上级供电系统的连接点,是该段母线电源的输入端;PT柜是该段母线电压检测功能单元,为这段母线提供电压检测信号;馈线柜是母线为下一级配电系统输出端口,可以是下一级母线,可以是负载-电机,可以是电源转换设备-变压器,馈线柜因此又称出线柜;计量柜是为该段母线提供电能测量计费的功能单元;联络柜是两段母线相互连通的功能单元;所用变柜是为系统提供小容量降压配电功能。
A general set of high-voltage switchgear includes an incoming cabinet, PT cabinet, feeder cabinet, metering cabinet, contact cabinet, and used transformer cabinet. The high-voltage incoming cabinet is the main cabinet of a section of busbar, also known as the receiving cabinet, which is the connection point for this section of busbar to receive the superior power supply system and the input terminal for the power supply of this section of busbar; The PT cabinet is a voltage detection functional unit for this section of busbar, providing voltage detection signals for this section of busbar; The feeder cabinet is a bus that serves as the output port of the next level distribution system. It can be the next level bus, the load motor, or the power conversion equipment transformer. Therefore, the feeder cabinet is also known as the outgoing cabinet; The metering cabinet is a functional unit that provides electrical energy measurement and billing for this section of busbar; The contact cabinet is a functional unit where two busbars are interconnected; The transformer cabinet used provides a small capacity step-down power distribution function for the system.
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