In order to prevent the damage or accident of high-voltage electrical equipment in operation and ensure the personal safety of operation and maintenance personnel and equipment operation safety, it is necessary to check and identify the health status of equipment through insulation handover test and preventive test. We can understand the insulation level of equipment through high voltage test and eliminate the blind spots of equipment defects. If the insulation defect is found in the test, it indicates that we must repair the equipment, and replace the power equipment when necessary, so as to prevent the insulation breakdown of the equipment in operation, so as to avoid major irreversible losses such as power failure.

一般来说，高压电气试验主要分为预防性试验及交接性试验。依据设备划分主要包括：对变压器试验、对电压互感器试验、对电流互感器试验、对避雷器试验、对断路器试验、对电力电缆试验、对高压母排试验、多高压电机试验。对于不同的设备应严格按照严格规程规定试验项目和内容进行试验。其中绝缘耐压试验是基本和重要的电气试验。

Generally speaking, high voltage electrical test is mainly divided into preventive test and handover test. According to the equipment classification, it mainly includes: transformer test, voltage transformer test, current transformer test, arrester test, circuit breaker test, power cable test, high voltage bus test and multi high voltage motor test. For different equipment, test items and contents shall be carried out in strict accordance with strict regulations. The insulation withstand voltage test is the most basic and important electrical test.

预防性试验可以这样分为两种：一种是绝缘特性试验，这是一种非破坏性试验，通过测量各种特性参数如绝缘电阻、介质损耗角正切值、泄漏电流等参数情况来判断设备绝缘内部是否有缺陷，该试验在电压条件要求较低，不会损坏设备内部绝缘。该种绝缘特性试验非常有效，但无法仅靠它来有效判断绝缘耐电强度，这是该试验的缺憾。

Preventive test can be divided into two types: one is insulation characteristic test, which is a non-destructive test. By measuring various characteristic parameters such as insulation resistance, dielectric loss tangent value, leakage current and other parameters to determine whether there are defects in the equipment insulation, the test requires low voltage conditions, and will not damage the internal insulation of the equipment. This kind of insulation characteristic test is very effective, but it can't be used to judge the insulation resistance effectively, which is the defect of this test.

还有一种是耐压试验，该试验是一种破坏性试验，在试验中对设备加高电压，使其超过设备工作电压，这时对设备绝缘有着非常大的考验，同时能发现一些危险性较大的缺陷和一些集中性的缺陷，并能保证绝缘的耐电强度达到一定的水平，这会对绝缘造成一定程度的损伤。耐压试验又分为交流耐压和直流耐压，其缺憾是会给绝缘造成一定的损伤。两种试验各有所长，需根据实际情况和需要选择适合的试验。

There is also a withstand voltage test, which is a destructive test. In the test, the voltage of the equipment is increased to make it exceed the working voltage of the equipment. At this time, it has a very big test on the insulation of the equipment. At the same time, it can find some dangerous defects and some concentrated defects, and ensure that the electrical strength of the insulation reaches a certain level, This will cause a certain degree of damage to the insulation. Voltage withstand test is divided into AC voltage withstand test and DC voltage withstand test. Each of the two tests has its own advantages, so it is necessary to select the appropriate test according to the actual situation and needs.

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